We study the sum-of-digits function sq in integer base q ≥ 2.
The expected values of s2 and s3 on [N,2N)
differ by >> ε log N for some ε > 0, and the standard deviations are small
compared to this difference.
Consequently, not too many "collisions" ---integers n such
that s2(n) = s3(n)--- can be expected. We
prove that there are infinitely many collisions of the binary and the ternary sum-of-digits functions,
thereby settling a folklore conjecture.